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Off-gas handling systems represent a significant portion of a smelter’s infrastructure and capital investment. Such systems and their objectives have become increasingly complex due to evolving environmental regulations, sustainabilitySustainability targets, complex feeds, and pressured economics. These factors demand continuous improvement in the design of new plants, modernization of existing off-gas handling systems, and implementation of emissions abatementEmissions abatement projects. This paper explores the current state of off-gas system design by drawing on recent project experience to highlight emerging best practices and evolving philosophies. Three case studies are provided addressing (1) strategies for minimizing off-gas and hence both abatement costs and emissionEmission generation, (2) off-gas system design approaches targeting compliance with ground-level concentration standards, and (3) specialised systems for viable heat recoveryHeat recovery.

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Smelter Off-Gas Systems: Evolving Practices, Design Strategies, and Operational Enhancements from Recent Projects

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Johan Bezuidenhout,
  • Gisella Mulder,
  • Ahmed M. S. Hussein,
  • Paul Smith Baumann

摘要

Off-gas handling systems represent a significant portion of a smelter’s infrastructure and capital investment. Such systems and their objectives have become increasingly complex due to evolving environmental regulations, sustainabilitySustainability targets, complex feeds, and pressured economics. These factors demand continuous improvement in the design of new plants, modernization of existing off-gas handling systems, and implementation of emissions abatementEmissions abatement projects. This paper explores the current state of off-gas system design by drawing on recent project experience to highlight emerging best practices and evolving philosophies. Three case studies are provided addressing (1) strategies for minimizing off-gas and hence both abatement costs and emissionEmission generation, (2) off-gas system design approaches targeting compliance with ground-level concentration standards, and (3) specialised systems for viable heat recoveryHeat recovery.