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Material deformation under high strain rates presents fundamental challenges that demand innovative real-time characterizationCharacterization techniques. This study develops an experimental framework combining high-speed imaging and Digital Image Correlation (DICDigital Image Correlation (DIC)) to characterize the deformation behavior and chip formation mechanisms of AISI 12L14 free-machining steelSteel during orthogonal cuttingOrthogonal cutting. An integrated measurement system captures dynamic strain evolution through surface texturing via sandblasting. Detailed microstructural analysis reveals the critical role of MnS inclusionsMnS inclusions in strain localization and chip segmentation, where these inclusionsInclusion align along pronounced shear bands in the deformed chip region, facilitating crackCrack initiation and improving machinability. Comparison of experimentally measured strain fields with FEM simulationsSimulation using a Johnson-Cook material model shows strong agreement, validating the predictive capability of the constitutive parameters. This study provides direct visualization of dynamic deformation mechanisms in 12L14 steelSteel, clarifying the role of the underlying microstructureMicrostructure on machinability, and establishes a robust experimental-computational framework for metal cutting analysis.

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In-Situ Material Characterization of Steel Through High-Speed Imaging During Orthogonal Cutting

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Walaa Abd-Elaziem,
  • John Reidy,
  • Ian D. McCue

摘要

Material deformation under high strain rates presents fundamental challenges that demand innovative real-time characterizationCharacterization techniques. This study develops an experimental framework combining high-speed imaging and Digital Image Correlation (DICDigital Image Correlation (DIC)) to characterize the deformation behavior and chip formation mechanisms of AISI 12L14 free-machining steelSteel during orthogonal cuttingOrthogonal cutting. An integrated measurement system captures dynamic strain evolution through surface texturing via sandblasting. Detailed microstructural analysis reveals the critical role of MnS inclusionsMnS inclusions in strain localization and chip segmentation, where these inclusionsInclusion align along pronounced shear bands in the deformed chip region, facilitating crackCrack initiation and improving machinability. Comparison of experimentally measured strain fields with FEM simulationsSimulation using a Johnson-Cook material model shows strong agreement, validating the predictive capability of the constitutive parameters. This study provides direct visualization of dynamic deformation mechanisms in 12L14 steelSteel, clarifying the role of the underlying microstructureMicrostructure on machinability, and establishes a robust experimental-computational framework for metal cutting analysis.