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With the rising need for nickel in batteriesBatteries and stainless steelStainless steel, this study focuses on a carbon-free route to extract nickel from ferronickelFerronickel (FeNi). The research investigates both the thermodynamicThermodynamic foundations and kineticKinetic mechanisms governing ferronickelFerronickel dissolution in sulfide matte and its subsequent sulfidationSulfidation behavior. Examination of the Fe–Ni–S–O quaternary system is carried out to understand the phase equilibriaPhase equilibria. We heat iron-nickel sulfide matte with ferronickelFerronickel and sulfurSulfur under controlled conditions, tracking weight gain to measure sulfurSulfur uptake. The resulting data are interpreted through mass transferMass transfer and diffusionDiffusion theory, resulting in a kineticKinetic model incorporating diffusivity, boundary layer thickness, and interfacial phenomena. ThermodynamicThermodynamic modeling confirms the role of matte composition and sulfurSulfur potentials in guiding phase formation, dissolution behavior. Literature-based diffusivity values support the model and enable estimation of reaction rates. This work provides a fundamental understanding of FeNi separation performance in a Pierce-Smith Converter for sustainable nickel productionSustainable nickel production.

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Thermodynamic and Kinetic Investigations of Ferronickel Dissolution and Sulfidation for Carbon-Free Nickel Separation

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Hrishikesh Nirgude,
  • Hyunsoo Jin,
  • Adam Powell,
  • Brajendra Mishra

摘要

With the rising need for nickel in batteriesBatteries and stainless steelStainless steel, this study focuses on a carbon-free route to extract nickel from ferronickelFerronickel (FeNi). The research investigates both the thermodynamicThermodynamic foundations and kineticKinetic mechanisms governing ferronickelFerronickel dissolution in sulfide matte and its subsequent sulfidationSulfidation behavior. Examination of the Fe–Ni–S–O quaternary system is carried out to understand the phase equilibriaPhase equilibria. We heat iron-nickel sulfide matte with ferronickelFerronickel and sulfurSulfur under controlled conditions, tracking weight gain to measure sulfurSulfur uptake. The resulting data are interpreted through mass transferMass transfer and diffusionDiffusion theory, resulting in a kineticKinetic model incorporating diffusivity, boundary layer thickness, and interfacial phenomena. ThermodynamicThermodynamic modeling confirms the role of matte composition and sulfurSulfur potentials in guiding phase formation, dissolution behavior. Literature-based diffusivity values support the model and enable estimation of reaction rates. This work provides a fundamental understanding of FeNi separation performance in a Pierce-Smith Converter for sustainable nickel productionSustainable nickel production.