Rare medical illnesses account for less than 5% of clinical presentations but often involve the threat to life and most probably get mislabeled since there is not sufficient labeled data. Traditional or non-traditional deep models have very little capacity to deal with such rare classes and require ginormous amounts of training data. Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) might be the optimal option because it is able to predict across new conditions from semantic relations. Our results suggest a diagnostic imaging method using ZSL with visual-semantic embeddings to identify abnormal diseases from unseen classes for imaging modalities like MRI and CT scans. Clinical benchmark sets are tested with 78% top-1 accuracy on novel classes and a 12% gain over few-shot models. Our method achieves scalable generalization to novel diseases, potentially revolutionizing early disease diagnosis in under-explored clinical spaces.

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Zero-Shot Learning for the Classification of Low-Incidence Medical Conditions in Diagnostic Imaging

  • R. Vijaya Prabhu,
  • P. Pratima Rani,
  • T. Periyasamy,
  • D. Nagaraju,
  • Balajee Maram,
  • U. D. Prasan

摘要

Rare medical illnesses account for less than 5% of clinical presentations but often involve the threat to life and most probably get mislabeled since there is not sufficient labeled data. Traditional or non-traditional deep models have very little capacity to deal with such rare classes and require ginormous amounts of training data. Zero-Shot Learning (ZSL) might be the optimal option because it is able to predict across new conditions from semantic relations. Our results suggest a diagnostic imaging method using ZSL with visual-semantic embeddings to identify abnormal diseases from unseen classes for imaging modalities like MRI and CT scans. Clinical benchmark sets are tested with 78% top-1 accuracy on novel classes and a 12% gain over few-shot models. Our method achieves scalable generalization to novel diseases, potentially revolutionizing early disease diagnosis in under-explored clinical spaces.