An understanding of the nature of science (NOS)-taken as a component of science curricula—is indispensable for students and teachers to achieve scientific literacy. This paper reviews practical activities that can be designed to enhance science teachers’ professional knowledge on NOS, thereby enabling them to implement NOS-enriched scientific practices in the classrooms of the different educational levels. Through experimental enquiries, historical-case analyses, paper-and-pencil exercises, argumentation, and critical evaluation of information—among other strategies—teachers can internalise robust views on NOS dimensions such as structure of scientific knowledge, methodology, explanation, scientific evolution and values. With this professional knowledge, teachers can design their own, theoretically justified, NOS activities. The various practical approaches to NOS for teachers examined here aim to bridge the gap between hard theoretical knowledge on the nature of scientific processes and products, and its pedagogical applications, ultimately contributing to a science education that aims at enabling citizenship in students.