The rising demand of rare earth metals (REMs)Processing inRare Earth industrialMetal applications, lack of available high-grade primary resources, and associated supply risks due to geopolitical, environmental, or technological factors have laid emphasis on the development of feasible processes to recover REMs from secondary resourcesSecondary resources to meet their future requirements. In view of the above, the present paper reports the review on available process flowsheetsProcess flowsheets based on pyro-hydro and hybrid techniques to recover REMs from industrial residues (fly ash, red mud, steel slag, atomic minerals tailings, etc.) and secondaries (Nd-Fe-B, Sm-Co magnets, etc.) and fluorescent lamps. The salient findings of different processes are reviewed and recommendation have been made, which will be helpful for researchers working in the field of REMs extractionExtraction and recovery.