Understanding how brain connectivity supports DM is critical for advancing neuroengineering applications in cognitive assessment and training. This study investigates Electroencephalography (EEG)-based functional connectivity differences between male and female Mexican undergraduates with varying DM performance, as assessed by the Iowa Gambling Task. EEG recordings from 59 neurotypical students were analyzed, with participants grouped by gender and performance into high-performing (HP) men, HP women, and low-performing (LP) women. Signals were preprocessed to isolate alpha-band activity (8–13 Hz), and the Phase Synchronization Index was computed across 14 electrode pairs during baseline and task execution. Results revealed group-specific modulation of phase synchrony: HP men showed dominant fronto-central baseline synchrony, HP women displayed enhanced intra-temporal and parieto-occipital connectivity during task performance, and LP women exhibited disorganized synchrony shifts with exaggerated increases in posterior regions. These findings suggest that successful DM is linked not simply to increased connectivity, but to selective and dynamic modulation of synchrony across brain regions. This work contributes to the understanding of gender- and performance-related neural dynamics in DM and underscores the relevance of phase-based EEG analysis for identifying cognitive strategies and potential neural inefficiencies. Future applications may include personalized neurofeedback or brain-computer interface adaptations based on individual connectivity profiles.