This chapter traces the development of the BRAVE Theory—Building Resilience and Advancing Veteran Empowerment—from its origins as a multidomain reintegration framework to its formalization as an identity-centered theoretical model. The chapter begins by recognizing that veterans transition as whole persons but face fragmented systems of care, situating this challenge within a strong evidence base, including findings from an Evidence Integration Review of 41 primary studies spanning clinical psychology, public health, social work, and military sociology. The discussion incorporates theoretical foundations from the Biopsychosocial Model, Trauma Exposure Theory, Social Identity Theory, the Social Identity Model of Identity Change, and Transformative Learning Theory, illustrating how each framework helps understand the complex, interconnected nature of reintegration. Within BRAVE, identity functions as both the central mediator and the main outcome of the reintegration process, with the psychological, physical, social, and economic domains operating as interdependent systems. Recommendations for practice and policy emphasize multidomain coordination, identity-sensitive metrics, and reframing veterans as active agents in their own reintegration. The chapter ends by previewing the four domains of BRAVE, preparing the reader for their detailed analysis in Chap. 6.