While considerable progress has been made over the past century with pediatric infectious diseases, emerging and re-emerging infections remain a global public health concern. Because children are more vulnerable to many infectious diseases, emphasis on preparedness and response efforts to mitigate the spread of infection is critical. The recent novel coronavirus pandemic highlighted just how critical these efforts are. COVID-19 in particular drew worldwide attention to the psychosocial impact of infectious disease outbreaks on children. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the reasons why children in particular are at increased risk for psychosocial challenges during infectious disease outbreaks. The role of early childhood teachers, teacher educators, and related professionals in meeting the psychosocial needs of children during this time are also discussed.