Gender and Intersectionality in the Business World: A Systematic Literature Review
摘要
This chapter proposes a systematic literature review to explore the main themes/issues concerning gender and intersectionality in the business world, mapping current knowledge and publication trends. Two distinct phases in the evolution of the field of business management and administration are identified, based on research methodology, publishing journals, focus of analysis, and intersecting dimensions. The first phase, termed “Conceptualization”, mainly presents qualitative research on the intersection of race and gender within organizations; whilst the second phase (“Growth”) reflects a growing interest on the analysis of multiple intersecting dimensions beyond race, e.g., class, age and ability, addressed through data-driven quantitative analyses. It also highlights multiple discrimination of migrant female workers, as well as the link between residential segregation and labor market inequalities, disclosing discriminatory practices grounded on gendered and racialized stereotypes. Additionally, research shows how intersectional stereotypes shape the way individuals experience their identities (professional, ethnic and gender-related) within the workplace, where power and disadvantage result from the interplay between individual, interpersonal, organizational and societal dynamics. In this regard, an intersectional perspective provides a more nuanced lens for understanding barriers and challenges faced by women in leadership positions, especially as regards work-life balance. Sexuality is introduced as an additional intersecting dimension in organizational gender studies. This entails a critical stance toward existing diversity management initiatives that sometimes reinforce a binary gender logic and fail to challenge dominant structures, with a call for more genuine approaches that question fixed identity categories and promote multifaceted, intersectional understandings of diversity within organizations.