The article examines the conceptual and practical foundations for the digitalization of national segments of international transport corridors (ITCs) in Azerbaijan. It analyzes international experience and the evolution of approaches to the creation of digital transport corridors (DTCs) in the EU, Eurasian Economic Union, and Asia-Pacific region. The multilevel architecture of DTCs and principles for their construction—such as digital sovereignty, interoperability, and multimodality—are described in detail. Special attention is paid to the development of national eLogistics systems (NELS) as integration platforms for multimodal transport. The article presents Azerbaijan’s current strategies and initiatives, including legal frameworks and infrastructure development plans for key corridors such as the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route, the North-South Corridor, and the Zangezur Corridor. Technological solutions for the digitalization of these corridors, including blockchain-based platforms and data pipeline concepts, are also proposed to ensure secure cross-border information exchange and improve the efficiency of logistics operations.