The colonization of submerged surfacesBioactive by marineBiofouling organisms, a phenomenon known as biofoulingBiofouling, represents a significant challenge for aquatic structures, especially in naval and offshore environments. This process, which begins with the formation of microbial biofilms and evolves into the fixation of macrofouling, causes damage such as bioinvasion, increased hydrodynamic drag, high fuel consumption, and increased maintenance costs. The use of natural biocides, although effective, generates toxicity for non-target organisms and ecological impacts. In this view, this paper carries out a literature review on more sustainable alternatives for combating biofoulingBiofouling, focusing on substances extracted from natural sources that present a viable strategy for inhibiting the initial stages of biofoulingBiofouling, promoting the protection of aquatic structures with less ecological risk.