The development of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years has become a key focus for many countries, including Russia. In the context of the digital transformation of the economy, AI is viewed as a tool capable of enhancing the efficiency of numerous processes and improving society’s quality of life. However, its integration is fraught with various risks. The research aims to identify the risks and prospects of integrating AI into the development of Russia’s economy. Based on the analysis, evaluation, and comparison of diverse information regarding the development and use of AI in Russia by various institutions, the authors identified the main advantages of integrating this technology into the activities of a wide range of economic agents. Simultaneously, the research highlights the primary risks the country’s economy may face in the future. Particularly, these risks include rising unemployment, loss of information confidentiality, system errors, and ethical risks. This research offers a comprehensive understanding of the current state of AI development in Russia and proposes potential directions for its sustainable and responsible integration into the national economy.