The introduction of crypto-asset technology into our complex world has positively and negatively influenced society. Unfortunately, the beneficial features of crypto-assets enable criminals to efficiently avoid established anti-money laundering (AML) controls to hide and launder criminal proceeds. This process, crypto-laundering, presents as a wicked problem that traditional AML systems struggle to understand and address. By applying socio-technical systems theory to the analysis of financial intelligence—through the lens of the Irish Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)—this book develops an integrated framework for understanding and regulating crypto-asset misuse more effectively. This chapter introduces the main definitions, positions the issues in their contemporary context, and maps out how the following chapters answer the research questions.