The unique local architecture of the Harran Settlement located in the Upper Mesopotamia region on the Turkey − Syria border and the effects of the devastating February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaras Earthquakes in Turkey on the conical domed houses in the region are the subject of this study. Harran is an ancient city dating back to 6000 BC, according to archaeological artifacts found. In addition to its ancient history, Harran is also known in the region for its conical domed houses made of adobe, stone or brick. In these houses, which consist of repeating small units, each unit has a square plan covered with a conical dome, and these units are arranged around the courtyard according to the family’s conditions. The Historical Harran Region was included in the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List in 2000. In this study, typical residential architecture in the region is explained in terms of typology history, land use, space organization, construction technique, building materials, bioclimatic comfort. The damage to conical domed houses in the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaras Earthquake is also documented, examined and explained with photographs.