Disaster risk management in urban historical centers is a growing concern for researchers and local governments in charge of preserving buildings and mitigating the impact of critical damage on territories. A propaedeutic of this type of research is to analyze the vulnerability of the buildings and infrastructures exposed to different hazards at large-scale. However, perform building risk assessment at large scale represent a major challenge as they require a high level of knowledge of existing building typologies, information that is often biased by the intrinsic uncertainties of the buildings, associated with local materials and construction techniques, especially in territories with ancient or vernacular buildings. In addition, the results of this type of analysis are strongly influenced by key factors, such as the amount and quality of data collected during the analysis of the available documents and the in-situ inspection of the buildings. Furthermore, multi-hazard assessments require specific data-collection tools that comprise detailed evaluation parameters for each hazard. This paper contributes to the development of a suitable methodology for the systematic surveying and multi-hazard disaster risk assessment of buildings existing in heterogeneous urban historical centres. The proposed methodology is based on the formulation of four hazard-specific survey forms for fire, earthquake, landslide, and vandal-graffiti. The forms are applicated to all the buildings inserted in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Valparaíso, Chile. This work includes the development of a technological platform that integrate the survey forms in a in a geo-referenced database using GIS technology.

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Digital Platform for Multi-hazard Vulnerability Assessment of Heterogeneous Urban Historical Centres. Application to the City of Valparaíso (Chile)

  • Marcela Hurtado,
  • Belén Jiménez

摘要

Disaster risk management in urban historical centers is a growing concern for researchers and local governments in charge of preserving buildings and mitigating the impact of critical damage on territories. A propaedeutic of this type of research is to analyze the vulnerability of the buildings and infrastructures exposed to different hazards at large-scale. However, perform building risk assessment at large scale represent a major challenge as they require a high level of knowledge of existing building typologies, information that is often biased by the intrinsic uncertainties of the buildings, associated with local materials and construction techniques, especially in territories with ancient or vernacular buildings. In addition, the results of this type of analysis are strongly influenced by key factors, such as the amount and quality of data collected during the analysis of the available documents and the in-situ inspection of the buildings. Furthermore, multi-hazard assessments require specific data-collection tools that comprise detailed evaluation parameters for each hazard. This paper contributes to the development of a suitable methodology for the systematic surveying and multi-hazard disaster risk assessment of buildings existing in heterogeneous urban historical centres. The proposed methodology is based on the formulation of four hazard-specific survey forms for fire, earthquake, landslide, and vandal-graffiti. The forms are applicated to all the buildings inserted in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Valparaíso, Chile. This work includes the development of a technological platform that integrate the survey forms in a in a geo-referenced database using GIS technology.