This chapter analyses three major fusion research centres. ITER is a large international research project aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of nuclear fusion. With 35 participating nations, ITER faces major challenges: high costs (over $22 billion), repeated delays, complex international coordination, and criticism over management and slow progress. Despite setbacks, ITER has driven technological advances, supported global collaboration, and expanded industrial capabilities. Its value lies not just in energy outcomes, but in fostering scientific progress and innovation on a global scale. The Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) is a leading US research centre for fusion and plasma science. Major projects have faced technical and funding setbacks, although its plasma research supports fields such as semiconductors and materials science. Its future depends on securing stable, long-term funding. The UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) has played a major role in the UK’s nuclear energy development. It supports key research in robotics, tritium handling, materials, and heat management, has supported industry spin-offs, is technology partner in the STEP programme to develop a fusion power plant, and is working on one of the major challenges confronting fusion energy: the breeding and recycling of tritium.