In this chapter, we will explore Hans Jonas’s ethics of responsibility, examining its philosophical, political, and environmental implications. We will begin by discussing the ontological foundations of Jonas’s ethics, his critique of technological progress, and his emphasis on the necessity of anticipating the future consequences of human actions. We will then investigate the concept of responsibility toward life and future generations, as well as the relationship between ethics and politics in shaping measures to mitigate environmental damage. Additionally, we will examine the criticisms of Jonas’s theory, particularly regarding its alleged authoritarian tendencies and his perspective on the role of the state in regulating technology and the economy.