Creative Sports: A Cultural Sociological Perspective
摘要
To sociologists, sport is a cultural phenomenon, and creativity is the result of social processes. Nonetheless, sociologists’ opinions differ on how to study culture and, in turn, how to explain creativity. I use cultural sociology and ask: How can creativity in sports be theorized and explored as a meaning-making process? After stating the relevance of this viewpoint, a brief overview of the sociology of creativity is followed by a critique of the concept of creativity. This backdrop allows me to approach creativity and sports as open-ended cultural forms in which sports participants engage in improvisation: the mundane efforts and adjustments we make in the social construction of reality. Of course, every play act is not equally creative, and all sports cultures do not allow creativity in the same way. It is our use and maneuvering of symbolic structures that allow, limit, and explain improvisation. Therefore, creativity is not a trait that we can proclaim ourselves to possess but the result of social processes in which actors are ascribed positive (or negative) creativity by a community. Accordingly, the chapter ends by considering the necessity of listening to, learning from, and allowing sports participants to be ascribed and acknowledged as potentially creative.