ExplorationExploration happens at multiple levels. Social groups engage in collective exploration of their environment. Individuals explore the outside world as well as their own dispositions. This chapter contends that exploration could take place at the gene level as well. Genes often experience mutations, that is, permanent changes in their DNA sequence. Although genetic mutations appear random, the timing of mutations is not. Mutations are more likely at times when the organism is under stress, for example, due to exposure to mutagens or viruses. The very state of stress indicates that the existing genetic structure is uncapable to neutralize successfully an emerging threat. This suggests that an exploration of alternative gene structures could be highly beneficial. Recent research in genetics suggests that some of the gene mutations could be even strategically directed towards more advantageous configurations.