The final chapter translates the study’s insights into practical recommendations and future research priorities. It advocates sustainable farming practices such as promoting indigenous, less water-intensive crop varieties, crop rotation, rainfed agriculture, and community-based water harvesting to help restore streamflow and better align agricultural water use with the monsoon regime. The chapter also emphasizes integrated watershed planning and micro-catchment-scale water budgeting. For future research, it calls for basin-specific investigations that explicitly account for local topography, soils, and climate; clearer separation of climate and human interreferences on runoff; and incorporation of ecohydrological feedbacks (e.g., vegetation and soil moisture) in modeling frameworks. Strengthening long-term hydro-meteorological and land-use datasets through sustained monitoring is highlighted as essential. The chapter bridges science and policy, guiding adaptive water management and identifying key gaps such as finer temporal analyses and coupled upland-delta modeling for further investigation.