The delivery of antioxidant biomolecules via controlled-release systems based on nanomaterials obtained from plants has attracted much interest. This is due to their therapeutic potential, sustainability, and biocompatibility. In this regard, the observed active focus is on the study and understanding of the process, synthesis, and characterization of plant-derived nanomaterials, particularly on their performance when used in the retention and controlled release of antioxidant agents. Antioxidants are crucial in counteracting the effects of free radicals hence helping umm in decreasing oxidative stress which is believed to contribute to many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and even neurodegenerative diseases. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of such nanomaterials as cellulose starch and lignin nanoparticles serve as a green substitute to synthetic carriers improving stability-controlled release over time and targeted delivery of bioactive agents. Similarly, the release kinetics and efficiency of encapsulated antioxidants are evaluated, and their aim regarding usefulness in drug delivery systems and functional foods is considered. Moreover, this work highlights the potential of nanomaterials sourced from plants as theranostic devices for use in drug applications, more so in the controlled release of antioxidant biomolecules where a new means of therapeutic administration of antioxidant medicines is envisaged.