This book is devoted to the introduction of a new concept named—Cerebral Cortex Physiological Mapping. The meaning of this new term is to monitor various physiological parameters from a relatively small brain cortical tissue in real time. This approach enables a better understanding of the physiological activities taking place in a typical brain tissue and that are recorded in real time for a long time (many hours). The meaning of the word “Mapping” is to record the metabolic, hemodynamic, ionic and electrical activities in a typical cortical tissue (up to eight parameters) and in real time. This new experimental approach provides results that enable the understanding of the real-time relationship between various physiological activities under induced Neuropathological states. In addition to better understanding the physiological activities, this approach could be used in the development of new drug development as well as other treatments. Our new approach is a unique one and may contribute to the development of new drug or treatments to patients.