This chapter describes Graduate Medical Education (GME) funding of pediatric residency training programs. This chapter provides an overview of governmental and non-governmental funding mechanisms, the financial impact of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) changes, which items to consider when developing a residency program budget, the influence of the recent rise of residency unions, and the ways in which the future of the pediatric workforce and funding are inextricably tied. This chapter also addresses the important role of advocacy in ensuring stable residency funding for the future. For many, GME funding is an elusive concept, often not encountered by program directors until they are in their role, and frequently with little education about its importance. Yet, GME funding is critical at the level of the individual trainee and the training program and has direct implications for the pediatrics workforce.