Neither Ape Nor Angel: Engaging Tallis’ Atheistic Incarnational Anthropology
摘要
At the heart of Raymond Tallis’ philosophical anthropology is the “Existential Intuition,” the moment of realization in which I recognize that I am. This chapter begins with Tallis’ phenomenological argument that embodiment is a necessary condition for this intuition. Although Tallis argues from an explicitly atheistic perspective, I argue that Christian thinkers have much to gain from his account of embodied—or ambodied—existence, including a corrective to dualistic tendencies in the Christian tradition and an affirmation of the wonder and mystery of the embodiment of the creature. Yet along with wonder and mystery come ambivalence, anxiety, and despair. The Existential Intuition reveals an existential burden. As Kierkegaard argues, because we are neither beasts nor angels, each individual has the task of becoming a self; and as Walker Percy shows, many strategies for relieving the burden of selfhood fail because they treat the self as either a beast or angel. In Tallis’ view, the two most promising strategies for addressing this existential burden are philosophy and religious faith. Tallis endorses the path of philosophy, after the example of Parmenides. I conclude by proposing that the path of faith makes the most sense of Tallis’ incarnational anthropology.