Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is being increasingly hailed as a game-changing framework to tackle food insecurity, climate change adaptation, and greenhouse gas mitigation. As with many new frameworks, the success of scaling CSA is fundamentally contingent on effective capacity building and education. This chapter examines the important role of education and knowledge systems in increasing the adoption of CSA and its sustainability. It specifies the types of challenges being faced, including limited access to climate-relevant information, limited institutional capacity, and the exclusion of marginalized populations, including women and youth. In response, this chapter identifies opportunities for both digital technologies and participatory learning methods, as well as cross-sector learning. It suggests the integration of CSA into formal curricula, and extension and community-based learning programs, and emphasizes the need for more inclusive, adaptive, and context-specific educational approaches. In conclusion, sustained investment in education and capacity to support farmers, strengthen institutions, and build resilient agricultural systems that can adapt to climate variability will be essential to CSA’s development and adoption. In positioning education and capacity as key elements of CSA, this work supports global ambitions for sustainable climate-resilient food systems.