Ankle fractures are the most common fractures in orthopedic traumatology and are mostly caused by low-energy rotational trauma. In the presence of a stronger and axial trauma, a plafond fracture develops. Approximately two-thirds of the fractures are isolated malleolus fractures. While the need for surgery is approximately 11% in external malleolar fractures, it is around 74% in trimalleolar fractures. Age, bone quality, and history of previous ankle fractures are the main risk factors. The highest incidence of fractures is in older women. Although midfoot fractures are rare in adults, metatarsal and toe fractures are among the most common injuries of the foot skeleton. These injuries include sports trauma, traffic. It can be seen after accidents, occupational accidents, and simple falls. In order to achieve good functional results in patients, early diagnosis, correct treatment, anatomical reduction, and stable fixation are essential. While most unseparated fractures of the middle and forefoot can be successfully treated conservatively, more care should be taken in fractures adjacent to the tarsometatarsal joint, as these injuries are often associated with Lisfranc fracture dislocation. The approach to basal fractures of the fifth metatarsal is different from other metatarsals. Surgical treatment of toe fractures is rarely necessary, and often adequate clinical and functional results can be achieved with conservative treatment. The aim of conservative or surgical treatment is, of course, early return to work and a stable and functional foot that is painless and plantigrade.

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Treatment of Foot and Ankle Fractures

  • Ahmet Fevzi Kekeç,
  • Muhammed Furkan Küçükşen

摘要

Ankle fractures are the most common fractures in orthopedic traumatology and are mostly caused by low-energy rotational trauma. In the presence of a stronger and axial trauma, a plafond fracture develops. Approximately two-thirds of the fractures are isolated malleolus fractures. While the need for surgery is approximately 11% in external malleolar fractures, it is around 74% in trimalleolar fractures. Age, bone quality, and history of previous ankle fractures are the main risk factors. The highest incidence of fractures is in older women. Although midfoot fractures are rare in adults, metatarsal and toe fractures are among the most common injuries of the foot skeleton. These injuries include sports trauma, traffic. It can be seen after accidents, occupational accidents, and simple falls. In order to achieve good functional results in patients, early diagnosis, correct treatment, anatomical reduction, and stable fixation are essential. While most unseparated fractures of the middle and forefoot can be successfully treated conservatively, more care should be taken in fractures adjacent to the tarsometatarsal joint, as these injuries are often associated with Lisfranc fracture dislocation. The approach to basal fractures of the fifth metatarsal is different from other metatarsals. Surgical treatment of toe fractures is rarely necessary, and often adequate clinical and functional results can be achieved with conservative treatment. The aim of conservative or surgical treatment is, of course, early return to work and a stable and functional foot that is painless and plantigrade.