The Brassicaceae family comprises 4636 accepted taxa, classified into 340 genera and 52 tribes, with the genus Brassica standing out due to its wide range of economically significant crops, including oilseeds, condiments and cruciferous vegetables. Over the past five decades, the global yield of Brassica crops has shown a consistent upward trend, with Brassica napus production reaching approximately 72 Gt in 2020, highlighting its substantial economic value (Zandberg et al. 2022). These crops are now cultivated in more than 124 countries worldwide. According to FAO estimates, the combined gross production value of key Brassica crops—such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, mustard and rapeseed—was approximately 67.5 billion USD in 2020 (Subramanian et al. 2023). Beyond their economic significance, Brassica crops offer a wide array of benefits, ranging from human health enhancement to promoting sustainable agricultural practices. This section explores the global potential of Brassica, emphasising its diverse roles and multifaceted contributions across agricultural, environmental and nutritional domains.