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In the current era of global climate change, agriculture is under extreme pressure due to variety of abiotic stresses (extreme temperature conditions, prolonged drought situations, unexpected flooding, soil salinization, luxurious use of agrochemicals, depleting micro flora, metal and metalloid toxicity and war or warlike situations) and biotic stress factors (pathogens, pests and weeds), all seriously challenging the global food security (Dervash et al. 2024; Lahlali et al. 2025; Jiang et al. 2025; Zhang et al. 2025; Manghwar and Zaman 2024; Lin et al. 2023). Abiotic and biotic stresses significantly disrupt the vital physiological processes like net photosynthetic rate, uptake of essential and beneficial nutrients, water uptake and overall health of the plants and lead to serious yield penalties (Ashraf et al. 2009, 2012; Hakeem et al. 2013; Hasanuzzaman et al. 2019; Ozturk and Gul 2020; Akhtar et al. 2024; Wang et al. 2025a, b).

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Brassica’s: Mycorrhizal Interactions and Development Related to Other Organisms

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Munir Ozturk,
  • Nafees A. Khan,
  • Sarvajeet Singh Gill,
  • Volkan Altay

摘要

In the current era of global climate change, agriculture is under extreme pressure due to variety of abiotic stresses (extreme temperature conditions, prolonged drought situations, unexpected flooding, soil salinization, luxurious use of agrochemicals, depleting micro flora, metal and metalloid toxicity and war or warlike situations) and biotic stress factors (pathogens, pests and weeds), all seriously challenging the global food security (Dervash et al. 2024; Lahlali et al. 2025; Jiang et al. 2025; Zhang et al. 2025; Manghwar and Zaman 2024; Lin et al. 2023). Abiotic and biotic stresses significantly disrupt the vital physiological processes like net photosynthetic rate, uptake of essential and beneficial nutrients, water uptake and overall health of the plants and lead to serious yield penalties (Ashraf et al. 2009, 2012; Hakeem et al. 2013; Hasanuzzaman et al. 2019; Ozturk and Gul 2020; Akhtar et al. 2024; Wang et al. 2025a, b).