Various human activities, such as indiscriminate littering and the discharge of industrial and domestic waste into water bodies, have significantly worsened environmental contamination. The presence of various pollutants has culminated in significant adverse effects, including soil degradation and water pollution. With environmental problems on the rise, biochar has emerged as an innovative and sustainable solution. This stable, carbon-rich material is produced by heating various types of organic matter—such as agricultural leftovers, animal manure, or microbial sources—without oxygen. Because biochar can be made from such diverse feedstocks, thoroughly analyzing its characteristics is vital for determining how well it can work in environmental clean-up efforts. Advanced analytical methodologies are routinely utilized to evaluate its physicochemical properties, which directly influence its adsorption capacity, nutrient retention, and overall performance in soil amendment and carbon sequestration strategies. Evaluations have shown that biochar has a highly porous structure, which enhances its ability to adsorb and remove pollutants from contaminated environments. By optimizing these conditions, biochar can be used as an effective and sustainable material for mitigating environmental contamination. Its application in pollution control demonstrates its potential as an eco-friendly approach to addressing environmental challenges.