Ruptured cerebral aneurysms are a leading cause of hemorrhagic stroke, responsible for 70–85% of all non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhages. With an estimated prevalence of 2–5% in adults, aneurysms are typically discovered either upon rupture or incidentally during other diagnostic procedures. The primary objective of aneurysm surgery is to isolate the aneurysm from the parent circulation while preserving surrounding blood vessels, including perforators. Despite the rise of endovascular treatment methods, surgical clipping remains a cornerstone for many aneurysms. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has become an essential tool in enhancing the safety and efficacy of aneurysm surgery. IONM modalities, such as electroencephalography, somatosensory evoked potentials, transcranial motor evoked potentials, and cranial nerve monitoring, allow for real-time detection of ischemic events related to clip placement or vessel manipulation. This enables immediate corrective action, reducing the risk of postoperative neurological deficits. Given that intracranial aneurysms are often located at vessel bifurcations and within the anterior circulation, meticulous planning is crucial.

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Cerebral Aneurysms

  • Timothy G. White,
  • Miriam M. Shao,
  • Shyle H. Mehta,
  • Henry H. Woo

摘要

Ruptured cerebral aneurysms are a leading cause of hemorrhagic stroke, responsible for 70–85% of all non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhages. With an estimated prevalence of 2–5% in adults, aneurysms are typically discovered either upon rupture or incidentally during other diagnostic procedures. The primary objective of aneurysm surgery is to isolate the aneurysm from the parent circulation while preserving surrounding blood vessels, including perforators. Despite the rise of endovascular treatment methods, surgical clipping remains a cornerstone for many aneurysms. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) has become an essential tool in enhancing the safety and efficacy of aneurysm surgery. IONM modalities, such as electroencephalography, somatosensory evoked potentials, transcranial motor evoked potentials, and cranial nerve monitoring, allow for real-time detection of ischemic events related to clip placement or vessel manipulation. This enables immediate corrective action, reducing the risk of postoperative neurological deficits. Given that intracranial aneurysms are often located at vessel bifurcations and within the anterior circulation, meticulous planning is crucial.