Composting is a versatile tool, that gives many significant effects and will be one of the nature-based solutions used in the future green and sustainable societies. Composting can contribute to reducing emissions and enable resource recycling. Composting facilities must be adapted to the site, quantities of feeding materials and their quality. Furthermore, the facilities must be designed for the targeted composting to achieve clean recycling and useful compost products. There is a great need for the advancement of the composting technologies, to enable resource recovery and to degrade organic pollutants present in compost feedstock. The efficiency of processes will increase when ultra-high temperatures contribute to both faster composting and greater efficiency in degradation of antibiotic-resistance genes and many other organic pollutants. Compost can replace mineral fertilizers and peat in growing media in organic and conventional plant, food and fiber production. Thus, the new, clean, and advanced compost products will contribute to a sustainable intensification of food production in organic and conventional agriculture and in the emerging new urban food systems.