Nuclear-based approaches offer powerful tools for monitoring and managing ocean pollution through accurate tracing and assessment capabilities. The present study focuses on analyzing publications trends and studies that used isotopes and nuclear technologies for marine pollution assessment and management. In addition, the use of nuclear approaches for microplastic monitoring, chemical contaminants assessment, blue carbon sequestration rates estimation, oil spill tracking, and ocean acidification tracking over time was reviewed and analyzed. The chapter showed the critical role that nuclear technology plays in advancing knowledge and enhancing understanding of marine pollution. The bibliometric analysis underscores the lack of studies related to nuclear approaches as a potential solution to tackle the current marine pollution issues while the focus is mainly on atmospheric fallout of radioelement and the use of nuclear techniques for chemical pollution assessment using sediment cores, radiation levels, absorbed dose and limit values. The study analysis calls to improve investment in nuclear-based research, which can contribute to sustainable solutions for preserving and sustaining ocean health for future generations.