This chapter examines Bing Xin’s reinterpretation of the theory of national character and the significance of her literary works in the context of Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges. Unlike the critical views of Chinese national character prevalent during the May Fourth Movement, Bing Xin, in her series of lectures titled “How to Appreciate Chinese Literature” delivered in postwar Japan, emphasized China’s peace-loving nature and presented a positive image of Chinese identity to her Japanese audience. Her works, particularly Letters to Young Readers, transcended national boundaries through their universal themes of love and empathy, which resonated deeply with Japanese readers. Through her lectures and writings, Bing Xin challenged Western anthropological stereotypes and promoted a more nuanced understanding of Chinese culture. Her collaboration with Japanese sinologist Kuraishi Takeshirō further facilitated cross-cultural dialogue, highlighting the role of literature in fostering a democratic spirit and focusing on marginalized subjects and grassroots communities—a focus that aligned with her later role in “People’s Diplomacy.”