The theme of maintaining historic buildings as one of the best ways to ensure their survival over time has been present in the debate on the preservation of built heritage for millennia. The subject has gained significant contributions in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and has reached the present day with new contours, resulting from a new historical context characterized as preventive conservation. This study aims to contribute to the voices that emphasize the importance of research on maintenance and planning for the safeguarding of modern heritage, particularly its materiality and authenticity, based on a detailed analysis of the document “Subsides for a Conservation Management Plan—Vilanova Artigas Building.” The building, designed and built in the 1960s by architects João Batista Vilanova Artigas and Carlos Cascaldi, houses the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo (FAU USP) and was one of four Brazilian works benefited by the Keeping it Modern program of the Getty Foundation. The analysis of the conservation and maintenance plan will be based on the elements highlighted in the Declaration of Significance and the list of the building’s main vulnerabilities, considering the state of its current materiality and changes in its uses over time, to assess the effectiveness of the document and the possibilities of implementing it.