In order to deal with the instability of cutting accuracy caused by material characteristics change and external environment interference in the process of aviation superalloy cutting, this study proposes a metal material cutting error compensation system based on model reference adaptive control (MRAC) and fuzzy control, and introducing gradient optimization algorithm. This system achieves accurate compensation of cutting error through the adaptability of MRAC and the flexibility of fuzzy control. Specifically, the control strategy of MRAC designs the adaptive control laws and adjusts the controller parameters in real time through the gradient optimization algorithm to handle. the complex dynamic changes during the cutting process. The experimental verification results show that the proposed system performs well in improving the response speed and anti-interference ability, and can quickly and accurately compensate the cutting error, thus significantly improving the cutting accuracy and ensuring that the material quality after cutting meets the expected requirements.