This paper presents the initial testing results of the AARS (Aqua-Aero Robotic System), a robotic complex designed for hyperspectral and biochemical monitoring of waterbody pollution. The AARS comprises an unmanned boat equipped with a landing platform for UAVs carrying a hyperspectral camera operating in the 400–1000 nm range. Upon detecting pollution zones via hyperspectral imaging, the system transmits the coordinates to the unmanned boat. The boat then navigates autonomously within the contaminated area, performing real-time biochemical express analysis while in motion. For this purpose, the boat is fitted with an autonomous water sampler capable of collecting eight water samples. Additionally, during operation, the system detects the presence of plankton and cyanobacteria by measuring photosynthetic activity, optical density, and chlorophyll concentration. Simultaneously, the following parameters are analyzed: pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, temperature, water hardness, transparency, and REDOX potential.