This chapter explains the emergence of executive coaching and examines its definition and theoretical foundations. Since the 1990s, coaching has expanded as a structured, collaborative intervention aimed at enhancing leadership effectiveness, employee well-being, and organisational performance. It differentiates coaching from mentoring, counselling, and therapy, emphasising its goal-focused approach. The chapter integrates adult learning, experiential learning, and self-efficacy theories to show how coaching promotes reflection, behavioural change, and sustained leadership growth. Practical applications include developing self-awareness, emotional intelligence, strategic thinking, and team performance. Coaching is presented as an individualised process aligning personal development with organisational goals, fostering resilience, adaptability, and continuous learning. Overall, executive coaching is framed as a dynamic, evidence-informed practice that benefits both individual leaders and organisational outcomes.