Stress and Satisfaction in the Diagnostic Process
摘要
Receiving an autism spectrum disorder (autism) diagnosis is a pivotal moment for families, but the diagnostic process can be lengthy, stressful, and inconsistent. This chapter explores the pathways to diagnosis, highlighting the factors influencing parental stress and satisfaction, including wait times, age of diagnosis, symptom severity, and professional interactions. Parents frequently report delays in obtaining an autism diagnosis, which can stem from prolonged wait times, multiple professional referrals, and systemic barriers such as limited access to qualified providers. These delays are exacerbated by disparities related to race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location, creating inequitable diagnostic experiences. Additionally, symptom severity and developmental presentation influence the timing and complexity of diagnosis, with children exhibiting milder or more subtle symptoms often being diagnosed later. This chapter highlights the importance of empathetic, clear, and supportive communication between professionals and families. Parents express greater satisfaction when professionals provide honest feedback, discuss strengths alongside challenges, and offer practical, individualized recommendations for post-diagnostic care. The emerging telehealth technologies are also explored as a promising avenue for increasing diagnostic accessibility, particularly for underserved populations. While current research provides valuable insights, methodological inconsistencies in measuring parental stress and satisfaction remain a limitation. Future research should focus on refining these constructs and identifying evidence-based strategies to improve diagnostic experiences.