This chapter examines the key characteristics of quality management in contemporary libraries, providing both a brief historical overview of the concept of quality and a discussion of traditional as well as emerging trends in the Library and Information Science (LIS) literature. Particular attention is given to strategies for enhancing service quality in ways that respond to the digital challenges faced by society as a whole. The chapter presents several generic models of library quality management such as ISO standards for libraries, LibQual+, Balanced Scorecard, audits, along with benchmarking, and comparative approaches aimed at sharing good practices, as recommended by IFLA among similar libraries worldwide as well as recent scholarship on the digital transformation of libraries. Quality management represents one of the most essential and widely applied tools used for optimising library services, in relation to users’ expectations. Optimising access to information encompasses multiple dimensions, including the structure and development of collections, the range of services provided, the technologies adopted by libraries, users’ expectations and perceptions, patterns of information behaviour, and, not least, the competencies and skills of librarians in supporting digital, user-centered innovation. This chapter seeks to address, in Sect. 2.3, two research questions guiding the literature review on quality management (QM) in libraries: