This chapter continues to explore the maximalist views in the US foreign policy establishment by proceeding from the study of the revolutionary approach to a reformist one. It defines the latter as represented by two strands of liberal internationalism—liberal interventionism and liberal institutionalism. After examining the historical roots of the idealist movement in US foreign policymaking and identifying the landmark stages in its development, Smolnikov highlights the core differences between the two versions of maximalism—neoconservative and liberal. The study examines how reformist policies promote the internalization of liberal norms and values by non-Western governments and polities. In addition to shedding light on external constraints on the realization of reformist objectives, it exposes the movement’s internal dichotomies and controversies.