During the first third of the twentieth century, many Spanish intellectuals found the press to be a preferential medium for raising social awareness and questioning the political situation of the time. The newspaper was a constantly evolving medium, and it became the ideal platform for intellectuals who were conscious of the historical period in which they lived, as they could use it to reflect on the most important events of their time from an analytical perspective. Through a comparative reading of Ortega and Zambrano, two of the most prominent intellectuals produced by our country in recent times, along with the articles they wrote, we intend to confirm the way in which elements that have been found in their writings are associated with the hybrid press genre known as the crónica. We have observed in both writers a repeated use of reality as a starting point for many of their journalistic texts, which were subsequently transformed into theoretical reflections. In order to carry out this study, we have decided to limit the present work to the first third of the twentieth century, specifically between 1904 (the first collaboration of a young Ortega y Gasset in the Madrid daily known as El Imparcial and, coincidentally, also the year of María Zambrano’s birth), and 1939, which marked the end of the Civil War and the beginning of a prolonged exile for many Spanish intellectuals.

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Spanish Intellectuals and Their Time: José Ortega y Gasset and María Zambrano, Between Journalism and Current Affairs

  • Juan Antonio Garcia Galindo,
  • Luis Ortega Hurtado

摘要

During the first third of the twentieth century, many Spanish intellectuals found the press to be a preferential medium for raising social awareness and questioning the political situation of the time. The newspaper was a constantly evolving medium, and it became the ideal platform for intellectuals who were conscious of the historical period in which they lived, as they could use it to reflect on the most important events of their time from an analytical perspective. Through a comparative reading of Ortega and Zambrano, two of the most prominent intellectuals produced by our country in recent times, along with the articles they wrote, we intend to confirm the way in which elements that have been found in their writings are associated with the hybrid press genre known as the crónica. We have observed in both writers a repeated use of reality as a starting point for many of their journalistic texts, which were subsequently transformed into theoretical reflections. In order to carry out this study, we have decided to limit the present work to the first third of the twentieth century, specifically between 1904 (the first collaboration of a young Ortega y Gasset in the Madrid daily known as El Imparcial and, coincidentally, also the year of María Zambrano’s birth), and 1939, which marked the end of the Civil War and the beginning of a prolonged exile for many Spanish intellectuals.