The search for natural compounds that can extend lifespan and improve health during aging has led to significant interest in plant extracts as potential geroprotectors. This comprehensive assessment examines the evidence for geroprotective effects of various plant extracts, focusing on their ability to extend lifespan and healthspan in model organisms. An analysis of the major classes of bioactive compounds in plants—primarily polyphenols and terpenoids—reveals diverse mechanisms of action in modulating aging processes. Key pathways influenced by these botanical preparations include antioxidant defenses, stress resistance, metabolic regulation, and inflammation. Findings from many studies demonstrate lifespan extension in model organisms like Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and mice through administration of extracts from diverse plant sources. The documented research suggests multiple mechanisms by which these extracts exert their effects, including activation of evolutionarily conserved longevity and hormetic pathways like DAF-16/FOXO, SKN-1/Nrf2, and AMPK. Finally, the most promising candidates for further development are identified, along with future research directions including the need for more extensive mammalian studies and eventual clinical trials.