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RapidRemote sensing population growth and urbanizationUrbanization in India are transforming urban landscapes by replacing open, permeable spaces with heat-retaining concrete surfaces. This leads to the formation of urban heat islandsUrban Heat Islands (UHIs) (UHIs), where city temperatures are significantly higher than in surrounding rural areas. The present study analyzes the spatial and temporal variations in the Normalized Difference Vegetation IndexVegetation indices (NDVI), Land Surface TemperatureLand-surface temperature (LSTLand-surface temperature), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and Land Use Land CoverLand cover (LULC) for Kharora town, Raipur District, from 2014 to 2024. The findings indicate a significant decline in vegetation cover, as reflected by a drop in mean NDVI from 0.38 in 2014 to 0.28 in 2024, primarily due to urban expansion and deforestation. Simultaneously, the LSTLand-surface temperature analysis shows a rise in maximum temperature from 44.52 °C to 46.31 °C, with a reduction in cooler zones, highlighting the intensification of the UHIUrban Heat Islands (UHIs) effect. The NDBI values further confirm rapid urbanizationUrbanization, with an increase in built-up areas from 5.2 sq. km to 12.6 sq. km (142.3% growth). Conversely, agricultural and forest lands have declined by 20.9 and 7.2%, respectively, while barren land has expanded by 55.6%, indicating land degradation. These findings underscore the environmental consequences of rapid urbanizationUrbanization and emphasize the need for sustainable urban planningUrban planning, including afforestation, green infrastructureGreen infrastructure, and effective land use management, to mitigate rising temperatures and maintain ecological balance in Kharora town Raipur District, India.

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Assessing the Impact of LULC on Land Surface Temperature Variations Using GIS and Remote Sensing

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Vinit Lambey,
  • Divyarth Manas,
  • Anurag Sharma,
  • Shashikant Verma

摘要

RapidRemote sensing population growth and urbanizationUrbanization in India are transforming urban landscapes by replacing open, permeable spaces with heat-retaining concrete surfaces. This leads to the formation of urban heat islandsUrban Heat Islands (UHIs) (UHIs), where city temperatures are significantly higher than in surrounding rural areas. The present study analyzes the spatial and temporal variations in the Normalized Difference Vegetation IndexVegetation indices (NDVI), Land Surface TemperatureLand-surface temperature (LSTLand-surface temperature), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and Land Use Land CoverLand cover (LULC) for Kharora town, Raipur District, from 2014 to 2024. The findings indicate a significant decline in vegetation cover, as reflected by a drop in mean NDVI from 0.38 in 2014 to 0.28 in 2024, primarily due to urban expansion and deforestation. Simultaneously, the LSTLand-surface temperature analysis shows a rise in maximum temperature from 44.52 °C to 46.31 °C, with a reduction in cooler zones, highlighting the intensification of the UHIUrban Heat Islands (UHIs) effect. The NDBI values further confirm rapid urbanizationUrbanization, with an increase in built-up areas from 5.2 sq. km to 12.6 sq. km (142.3% growth). Conversely, agricultural and forest lands have declined by 20.9 and 7.2%, respectively, while barren land has expanded by 55.6%, indicating land degradation. These findings underscore the environmental consequences of rapid urbanizationUrbanization and emphasize the need for sustainable urban planningUrban planning, including afforestation, green infrastructureGreen infrastructure, and effective land use management, to mitigate rising temperatures and maintain ecological balance in Kharora town Raipur District, India.