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Permanent noise exposure leads to various health problems: hearing loss, cardiovascular issues, anxiety, impaired cognitive performance. Traditional noise barriers, while effective, obstruct airflow, making them unsuitable for applications requiring noise attenuation/ventilation (HVAC systems, industrial machinery, healthcare units, laboratories, and office spaces). Acoustic metamaterials allow the development of wavelength-dimensioned structures, resulting in efficient acoustic filters with minimal thickness. They provide an optimal solution by allowing sound attenuation with airflow, with local resonance structures like Helmholtz resonators being commonly used for this purpose. This study focuses on developing a metamaterial structure to attenuate noise at 800 Hz and 1000 Hz, maintaining ventilation. The structure comprises multiple Helmholtz resonator units, forming a scalable grid. By arranging unit cells with varying resonance frequencies in parallel, the structure achieves attenuation over a broader frequency range. Ventilation is facilitated through a circular hole shared by each resonant unit, with 16% of the unit cell area dedicated to airflow—balancing acoustic performance with permeability. The structure was experimentally tested in an impedance tube (100–2000 Hz) and simulated in COMSOL Multiphysics, incorporating both computational fluid dynamics and frequency-dependent acoustic pressure modelling to evaluate airflow/noise attenuation. The results demonstrated effective sound attenuation (α = 0.7–0.95) within the target frequencies, with simulations aligning closely with experimental findings. Additionally, an industrially approachable grid design is proposed, ensuring efficient manufacturing, modular assembly, and adaptability to diverse applications, presenting a scalable and tunable solution for noise control. The Helmholtz resonator-based design offers a practical approach to mitigate noise pollution in environments requiring airflow, making it particularly relevant for HVAC systems, industrial applications, and architectural acoustics. This advancement contributes to the development of more sustainable/effective noise reduction strategies.

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Development of a Tuneable Helmholtz Resonator Metamaterial for Acoustic Notch Filtering Attenuation and Ventilation Using 3D Printing

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Nuno A. T. C. Fernandes,
  • Gabriela Couto,
  • Shivam Sharma,
  • Óscar Carvalho

摘要

Permanent noise exposure leads to various health problems: hearing loss, cardiovascular issues, anxiety, impaired cognitive performance. Traditional noise barriers, while effective, obstruct airflow, making them unsuitable for applications requiring noise attenuation/ventilation (HVAC systems, industrial machinery, healthcare units, laboratories, and office spaces). Acoustic metamaterials allow the development of wavelength-dimensioned structures, resulting in efficient acoustic filters with minimal thickness. They provide an optimal solution by allowing sound attenuation with airflow, with local resonance structures like Helmholtz resonators being commonly used for this purpose. This study focuses on developing a metamaterial structure to attenuate noise at 800 Hz and 1000 Hz, maintaining ventilation. The structure comprises multiple Helmholtz resonator units, forming a scalable grid. By arranging unit cells with varying resonance frequencies in parallel, the structure achieves attenuation over a broader frequency range. Ventilation is facilitated through a circular hole shared by each resonant unit, with 16% of the unit cell area dedicated to airflow—balancing acoustic performance with permeability. The structure was experimentally tested in an impedance tube (100–2000 Hz) and simulated in COMSOL Multiphysics, incorporating both computational fluid dynamics and frequency-dependent acoustic pressure modelling to evaluate airflow/noise attenuation. The results demonstrated effective sound attenuation (α = 0.7–0.95) within the target frequencies, with simulations aligning closely with experimental findings. Additionally, an industrially approachable grid design is proposed, ensuring efficient manufacturing, modular assembly, and adaptability to diverse applications, presenting a scalable and tunable solution for noise control. The Helmholtz resonator-based design offers a practical approach to mitigate noise pollution in environments requiring airflow, making it particularly relevant for HVAC systems, industrial applications, and architectural acoustics. This advancement contributes to the development of more sustainable/effective noise reduction strategies.