Goats are among the oldest domesticated animals and are raised globally for meat, milk, fiber, and hides. Recently, there has been an increased focus on goat welfare, particularly as management practices shift from traditional extensive systems to semi-intensive and intensive settings. Research has identified several useful indicators, related to the animals, their management, and available resources, for assessing the on-farm welfare of goats. While animal welfare is influenced by multiple factors, some reliable indicators include body condition, hair coat cleanliness, udder and skin health, and claw condition. The impact of routine husbandry procedures is also considered in welfare assessments. Studies have highlighted prevalent welfare issues on large commercial goat farms, such as lameness due to claw overgrowth, skin and udder lesions, poor hair coats, and complications from improper disbudding and dehorning. Goat kids are often disbudded to improve their welfare and ensure the safety of other livestock, farm staff, and veterinarians, as well as to facilitate various production and management tasks. However, numerous studies have documented physiological and behavioral changes that indicate pain and distress following disbudding, which can significantly compromise the welfare of goat kids. Recognizing and measuring pain is essential for its management after such procedures. In light of growing concerns about animal welfare, pain mitigation strategies for disbudding have garnered considerable attention. Various methods are now available, with current best practices recommending the use of sedation and analgesia through an alpha-2 agonist, the application of a two-point cornual nerve block, followed by an NSAID for postoperative pain relief.