Mobility plays a crucial role in social interaction, commerce, exploration, and self-expression. Therefore, decarbonizing this sector is now necessary to reduce climate-related risks. Shifting to low-emission mobility involves moving away from internal combustion engine (ICE) technologies and reengineering supply chains. Collaboration between the private and public sectors can facilitate this transition, helping stakeholders to take advantage of opportunities while addressing potential risks. This chapter deliberates the significance, practicality, and consequences of transitioning to fully electric vehicle (EV) surface transportation. The oil industry, the premium gasoline vehicle market, and the sectors related to cars, buses, delivery vans, and trucks, as well as the labour market, are likely to experience significant changes as a result. Additionally, the chapter explores autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs), the concept of Transportation-as-a-Service (TaaS), and emerging automotive technologies. By 2050, road transportation is anticipated to be largely influenced by automation, AI integration, electrification, and the adoption of more sustainable and efficient systems.