The challenge of energy and sustainabilitySustainability has also become increasingly crucial with intensified industrialization and a growing global population, both of which have significantly increased the consumption of fossil fuels. As such, the world is soon going to face a period when non-renewable energyRenewable energy resources are decreasing. The study is designed to provide a green, clean, sustainable, and inexpensive technology to produce biodiesel as an effective replacement for fossil fuels. Biodiesel was synthesized from chicken skin and feather oil using an alkaline transesterificationAlkaline transesterification process. A few parameters were also investigated for their effect on biodiesel yield from the resulting oil, which included methanol-to-oil molar ratio, agitation speed, catalyst quantity, reaction time, and temperature. Physical characteristics of biodiesel (B100) and 20% biodiesel blend (B20) such as acid value, water, kinematic viscosity, pH, density, carbon residue, flash point, pour point, and cloud point were also investigated by the research according to ASTM D6751 standards. The case study findings indicated that B20 performed superior in fuel properties, enhancing workability and contributing to less gas emission. Further, fatty acid methyl ester composition in B100 and B20 was examined with important parameters like saponification value, iodine value, and cetane number being researched under the category of methyl ester content. It was observed during the research that the cetane number had a linear relationship with the fatty acid chain length. Moreover, the cost of biodiesel production was estimated through a stirred batch reactorBatch reactor process design, and the findings revealed that it was an economically viable, low-cost alternative for biodiesel production. The research highlights the ability of waste-to-energyWaste-to-energy technology to propel the generation of bioenergyBioenergy, enhance economic feasibility, and promote sustainable waste conversion strategies.

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Sustainable Bioenergy: A Green Waste Conversion Strategy for Cost-Effective Feedstock and Economic Waste-to-Wealth Solutions

  • Nageswara Rao Lakkimsetty,
  • N. Tirumala Uday Kumar,
  • Rahma Juma,
  • Nourhan Hilal El Mustapha El Mohamad

摘要

The challenge of energy and sustainabilitySustainability has also become increasingly crucial with intensified industrialization and a growing global population, both of which have significantly increased the consumption of fossil fuels. As such, the world is soon going to face a period when non-renewable energyRenewable energy resources are decreasing. The study is designed to provide a green, clean, sustainable, and inexpensive technology to produce biodiesel as an effective replacement for fossil fuels. Biodiesel was synthesized from chicken skin and feather oil using an alkaline transesterificationAlkaline transesterification process. A few parameters were also investigated for their effect on biodiesel yield from the resulting oil, which included methanol-to-oil molar ratio, agitation speed, catalyst quantity, reaction time, and temperature. Physical characteristics of biodiesel (B100) and 20% biodiesel blend (B20) such as acid value, water, kinematic viscosity, pH, density, carbon residue, flash point, pour point, and cloud point were also investigated by the research according to ASTM D6751 standards. The case study findings indicated that B20 performed superior in fuel properties, enhancing workability and contributing to less gas emission. Further, fatty acid methyl ester composition in B100 and B20 was examined with important parameters like saponification value, iodine value, and cetane number being researched under the category of methyl ester content. It was observed during the research that the cetane number had a linear relationship with the fatty acid chain length. Moreover, the cost of biodiesel production was estimated through a stirred batch reactorBatch reactor process design, and the findings revealed that it was an economically viable, low-cost alternative for biodiesel production. The research highlights the ability of waste-to-energyWaste-to-energy technology to propel the generation of bioenergyBioenergy, enhance economic feasibility, and promote sustainable waste conversion strategies.