Clinicians should know whether a medical condition or substance has been closely associated with anxiety symptoms in the literature. Assessment of anxiety in medically ill patients requires the examination of biological and psychosocial factors. Clinicians should address major psychological issues such as isolation, dependency, loss of bodily integrity, and dying, which are commonly associated with anxiety in medically ill patients. Management of physical disease-induced anxiety should be preceded by the treatment of physical diseases. The primary treatment of substance-induced anxiety disorder is the removal of the causally involved substance. Any successful intervention for these patients should involve a biopsychosocial approach that includes psychopharmacological and psychosocial treatment. Cognitive behavioral therapy can be used to treat panic attacks in medically ill patients.