Geological data forms a key input in understanding the seismic processes in earthquake prone regions. Since earthquakes originate below the surface, geophysical studies and trenching are required to understand the materials in the subsurface affected by primary and secondary seismic deformation. The primary aim of this chapter is to provide glimpses of growing applications of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) in generating shallow subsurface geological data to understand seismological processes. The GPR is a high resolution geophysical technique to understand the geological characteristics of the shallow subsurface typically up to depths of few tens of meters. The working of GPR is fundamentally based on transmitting high frequency electromagnetic waves which travel through various layers in the subsurface. Owing to the capability of GPR in producing high resolution 2D and 3D images of shallow subsurface features, it has found important applications in the field of earthquake related studies. Available studies in the last 2–3 decades demonstrate its usefulness for generating critical geological data in pre-, syn-, and post-earthquake scenarios. GPR has been successfully used in identification, characterization and mapping of poorly exposed and buried fault traces and associated deformation, surface rupture, co-seismic deformation features, liquefaction features like sand blows, seismic hazard estimation, mitigation and rehabilitation. In this chapter, we provide fundamental framework of the GPR technique followed by some selected examples of GPR based seismological studies. The Kachchh basin in Western India is one area where critical geological data on varied aspects of seismology have been generated using GPR. We, therefore, specifically refer to the GPR studies from active faults zones of the seismically active Kachchh basin primarily to show case the application this technique in earthquake related geological studies.